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pdf Effects of Environmental Events on Smiling and Laughing Behavior in Angelman Syndrome Populair

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Effects of environtmental events on smiling.pdf

Chris Oliver, Louisa Demetriades, and Scott Hall
University of Birmingham
VOLUME 107, NUMBER 3: 194?200 MAY 2002 AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION
Angelman syndrome is a neurogenetic disorder associated with unique behaviors and characteristics,
including an unusually happy expression, inability to speak, ataxia, mental retardation,
and abnormal EEG. Previous research has suggested that smiling and laughing
behaviors in Angelman syndrome are inappropriate, excessive, and dissociated from contextual
events. In the present study, the variability of smiling and laughing behaviors of 3
individuals with Angelman syndrome was examined across typical social contexts. Results
indicate that laughing and smiling increased during social situations and occurred at low
levels during non-social situations. The behaviors, therefore, did not occur totally inappropriately,
as has been suggested. The findings illustrate the need to divert attention to
the examination of environmental influences on purported phenotypic behavior in genetic
syndromes.
Chris Oliver, Louisa Demetriades, and Scott HallUniversity of BirminghamAbstractAngelman syndrome is a neurogenetic disorder associated with unique behaviors and characteristics,including an unusually happy expression, inability to speak, ataxia, mental retardation,and abnormal EEG. Previous research has suggested that smiling and laughingbehaviors in Angelman syndrome are inappropriate, excessive, and dissociated from contextualevents. In the present study, the variability of smiling and laughing behaviors of 3individuals with Angelman syndrome was examined across typical social contexts. Resultsindicate that laughing and smiling increased during social situations and occurred at lowlevels during non-social situations. The behaviors, therefore, did not occur totally inappropriately,as has been suggested. The findings illustrate the need to divert attention tothe examination of environmental influences on purported phenotypic behavior in geneticsyndromes.